Beware of M.M.C.S. (Medical Marijuana Cultivation Syndrome)
One of the top beaches in Southern California is the north end of Ocean Beach, San Diego. Someone unfamiliar with that beach scene might presume it to be a surfer’s haven, clothing optional sun bathing, or just a freak fest. Nope, not even close, it’s Dog Beach. People, oceanic beauty, canines, and love all rolled into one. This example is merely a microcosm of intensity between other living non-humans, and their relationship.
Medical Marijuana cultivation is all about a garden of living plants, dependent on you for everything- just like your pets or children. You will take an embryonic seed all the way to harvest, with a myriad of emotions in between. When you prep your grow area by trimming ivy, raking, turning soil, composting, fertilizing, and weeding- that’s just like painting the nursery pink, or putting bedding in the new dog house. You are about to celebrate new life.
Pot farmers, as they affectionately refer to themselves, call their plants “babies”, and they do this until full maturity, just like I’m still my mom’s baby at 57. Getting down in the deep, moist, dirty soil is akin to changing diapers, especially if you treat your plants with fish emulsion food supplements. This is what catches most newbies off-guard, the living aspect of your garden of Medical Marijuana. Yes, it’s great that you’ll benefit in a medicinal way, exhibiting pride in your accomplishments along the journey, but the intensity and catharsis from cultivation- could easily push your new found passion, into a syndrome.
One trap that’s easy to fall into is the one of exclusion. In many States cultivation is still illegal, even for medicinal reasons, and those that are approved, the patient needs an I.D. This means that some Medical Marijuana cultivators may have a stigma attached to their gardening endeavor, thus keeping it on the “down-low”. This bunker mentality may keep you and your “babies” isolated for a while, where you sleep-work-and tend garden. It’s very easy to spend a few hours among your plants, even on a daily basis. Weekends will involve trips to the local plant nursery, Doctors and Nurses will sneak out blood by- products from the hospitals to feed their plants, and Encarsia Formosa strips will be ordered to keep Whitefly pests away. If you have a spouse or significant other, include them in your new hobby to defer their wrath.
Security is yet another umbilical cord that will be difficult to cut. The older your plants become, the greater your concern and intensity. Watching these Sativas or Indicas mature, keeping them pest free, and making sure low life rip-off artists don’t get hold of them, is just like waiting at the bus stop- ‘til your kids are safely off to school. A good watch dog, motion sensor lights, and booby traps (be creative) are mild panaceas at best. Better yet, just hang-out with your babies 24/7, thus the M.M.C.S. strengthens.
The mix of earth, climate, beautiful plants, and nurturing of life- is very encompassing. Your end product offers therapeutic relief of an ailment, but the come down after your garden expires, may take your psyche to a place you’ve never been. If you feel totally bummed out after harvest, find some more seeds and dig in again. Remember, grow American!
Many Americans receive health insurance through their jobs or enjoy the benefits, because a family member has insurance at work. The least expensive of its kind, this is known as group insurance. In a series of cases, the employer pays all or part of the costs.
Employers offer various types of plans: a fee-for-service plan, a Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) or Preferred Provider Organization (PPO), for example. If you leave your job, youis not entitled to the employer, supported group coverage, and if you always have the same policy, you do not have to be paid. A federal law known as COBRA requires that if you are working in a company with 20 or more employees and leave your job or process from, you may continue health insurance for at least 18 months to get a higher premium than if you have just worked.
In North Carolina, can, you will find many group insurance plans, as they benefit both employers and employees. TheseHelp plan, employers recruit and retain employees, while employees benefit from lower premiums and employer contributions.
There are many health insurance companies licensed in North Carolina and the fiercely competitive market to keep premiums affordable. Because of its nationwide networks, many regional and national insurance can cover the North Carolina Business “offer the employees live and work outside the borders of North Carolina.
Group insurance programsare flexible, offer many coverage options. Employees can be provided, will be offered a fixed program or a menu approach that gives each employee the opportunity to choose the coverage options that are most likely to its demands.
In addition to the group health and life insurance plans, other group insurance plans are also available, from which a group program can be tailored: Group health insurance, group dental insurance, group vision insurance, group disability insurance (short and long term), groupLife insurance, business travel accident, accidental death and dismemberment insurance.
Apple trees are deciduous which primarily grow in the northern hemisphere. Growing apple tree in your home garden is a very satisfying and pleasing experience. Who hasn’t at one time or another yearned to walk down the garden and pick a very fresh, crunchy, juicy apple directly form the apple tree. As there are many varieties in apples you can select your variety and there is no need to search for variety of apples you likes the most in supermarkets anymore.
However, there are many factors to think before growing apple trees in our home garden. The first consideration is the size of the apple tree. Apple trees come up primarily as a scion and then engrafted onto a rootstalk. The type of rootstalk will determine the size of the tree. Some rootstalks will give rise to a well-sized tree, while others will dwarf the tree. Growing dwarfed apple trees in the home garden is good.
The second and most important consideration is that not all apple trees do self-pollination. This means only one apple tree in the garden may not be able to produce fruits. To get tasty apple fruits, plant various different salmagundis of apple trees which have similar blooming times, so that you can allow for cross-pollination between them. This will produce more abundant and healthier fruits. There are some varieties of apple trees that pollinate better than others, select them carefully. Bees chiefly attempt the transfer of pollen grains from one tree to another. So try to encourage these insects into your home garden and abstain from using insecticides during the period bees are active.
Ideal time for planting
November is the perfect time to plant the apple trees, but you can also plant in March as well. Apple trees are commonly sold bare rooted; select the variety you want and make sure that they are healthy. Ensure the roots of the apple tree to make sure they are moist and nice and try planting them as soon as possible.
To plant the apple trees in your home garden, dig a big hole that should be enough to hold the roots, then place the rootstalk in the hole spreading the roots out so that they are not embroiled. Check whether you have kept the graft well above the soil level. You can support the tree with a strong stake until it’s established, then water it nicely after bedded them in. Placing a layer of mulch around the tree is a best idea to retain moisture and to suppress the weeds.
When your wonder tree starts to bear fruit, just remove apples from the tree by unwaveringly keeping the attachment of the stem and gently twisting the fruit till it detaches. They are best to eat straightly from the tree to get optimum taste and if you have intentions to store the apples, leave the stem attached, because it helps to preserve fruit for many days. It is best to keep the fruits in a well-ventilated cool, dark, moist location to store them.
You will frequently find that a lot of apple fruits will ripe and mature together but there is a way of avoiding this glut is by planting apple trees which bear fruits at different times, so long as there is that overlap period when they are blooming to help pollination. It is worthy to learn about pruning your trees because they need to be pruned to have correct growth. If you are interested in raising your own stock then you may want to learn grafting however you may need some extra skill or experience to try this.
Different Varieties of Apples
An apple a day is usually said to keep the doctor away, but the varieties of apples number in the lots, and one may call for a doctor to keep the names of those varieties in memory.
Here I have listed some of the most popular varieties of apples:
Clonal rootstalks – M 9, M 26, M7, MM 106, MM 11
Scab resistant varieties – Prima, Sir Prize, Priscilla, Jonafree, Florina, Freedom, Nova Mac, Macfree, Nova Easy Grow, Coop 12, Coop 13 (Redfree), Liberty, Firdous and Shireen
Hybrids varieties – Lal Ambri (Red Delicious x Ambri), Chaubattia Anupam (Early Shanburry x Red Delicious), Sunehari (Ambri x Golden Delicious), Ambrich (Richared x Ambri), Chaubattia Princess, Ambred (Red Delicious x Ambri) and Ambroyal (Starking Delicious x Ambri)
Some of self Pollinating varieties – Tydeman’s Early, Golden Delicious, Red Gold, Mc Intosh, Lord Lambourne, Winter Banana, Granny Smith, Starkspur Golden and Golden Spur
Nutritional Value of Apples
Apart from the ones just mentioned, the list of different varieties of apples goes on and on. Apple is a fruit that is nutritious as well as delicious; the nutritional value of apple is also goes on and on.
Check out the nutritional value of one medium-sized, fresh apple:
Calories – 81
Calcium – 10 mg
Dietary Fiber – 5 grams
Iron – 0.25 mg
Carbohydrate – 22 grams
Folate – 4 mcg
Phosphorus – 10 mg
Vitamin C – 8 mg
Potassium – 159 mg
Vitamin A – 73 IU
Soluble Fiber
Insoluble fiber
Health and Nutrition Benefits of Eating Apples
Apples help to prevent the growth of prostate cancer cells.
Apples slowing down ageing-related problems, avoiding wrinkles and also promote hair growth
The presence of flavonoids in apple, suppress the growth of carcinogenic substances in the bladder and hence, decrease the risk of bladder cancer, particularly in smokers. It also reduces the risk of respiratory diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
The fiber and phyto nutrients present in apples reduce the cholesterol level in blood and also improve bowel function. In fact, apple juice has been found to keep in control the oxidization of the harmful cholesterol.
The phyto nutrients present in the skin of apples have been found to suppress the growth of colon cancer cells.
The presence of dietary fiber in apples is useful to improve digestion, solve stomach disorders, anemia, weakness, dysentery, dental care, heart disease, rheumatism, eye disorders, cancer, gout, and skin care. The researchers have confirmed that apple encourages weight loss.
Vitamins present in apple include Vitamin K, Thiamin, Riboflavin, and Vitamin B6 that are very useful to lead a healthy life.
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What’s the latest in the new line of superfruits? We’ve already had the Acai and Maqui Berries make their grand entrance into the world of superfruits, and now market experts predict the Cassis Berry is all set to tantalize palates and quench America’s thirst for newer and better superfruits to add to the wide array of superfruits that already exist in the market today.
The Cassis berry has an intriguing history. In the early 1900s, cultivation of the Cassis berry was banned in America. Though very popular back then, the Cassis berries were wrongly considered a threat to the logging industry. As a result, cultivation of these rich berries was discontinued for almost a century! In 2003, New York was the first state to right the wrongs done to this benevolent berry. The ban was lifted and other states have quickly followed suit. Because of this, Cassis berries are not as well known in the United States as they are in Europe where they enjoy tremendous popularity and status. Americans are just beginning to discover the wonders of their new berry friend.
The Cassis berry or Black Currant as it is often called is a native shrub (ribes nigrum) of Northern Europe and Northern Asia. The berries have a sweet, astringent flavor, similar to that of black grapes. The berries grow in clusters and have a thin skin. Underneath the skin is a gelatinous, nutrient-dense green pulp.
With a deep purple outer-coloring, the Cassis berry doesn’t appear to offer much more than the Acai or Maqui berry. But don’t let looks fool you. Underneath its ordinary appearance lies an incredible array of nutrients ranging from a wide assortment of B vitamins, Vitamin C, and essential minerals like calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorous, potassium and zinc. It’s also got a substantial amount of fiber, amino acids and essential fatty acids called gamma linolenic acid. Just 100 grams of the Cassis berry offers 300 percent of the daily RDA of Vitamin C in our diet! In fact, Cassis berries were used as a substitute for oranges in World War II, with a Vitamin C potency four times that of oranges! Rich in anthocyanins and twice the antioxidant power of blueberries, the Cassis berry is all set to compete for the next superfruit crown.
How different is the Cassis berry from the Acai and Maqui?
Taste. The Cassis definitely fares best in taste.
Nutrition. All three pack a pretty mean punch of essential vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and fiber (100 gms of Cassis berry can provide 30 percent of the RDA of dietary fiber). The Cassis and Acai, however, contain essential fatty acids which make them good for heart health as well.
Antioxidant potency. The Maqui still reigns, but the antioxidant potencies of both the Cassis and the Acai are not to be overlooked, considering they are still higher than many other superfruits.
Scientific research. The Cassis Berry has been around in Europe and Asia and so extensive research is available. Preliminary data shows that the Cassis Berry is good for bone health with an ideal calcium and magnesium ratio of 2:1. Specific anthocyanins in the Cassis berry show positive influence on heart health and eye health. It also exhibits anti-inflammatory and immune-boosting properties. The uniqueness of this berry is its benefit to brain health. Anthocyanins in the Cassis berry are believed to act as neuro-protective agents. Traditionally, the Cassis berry is known to be a detoxifier. It cleanses the tissues of oxidative stress and also stimulates liver functions. It is also known to relieve menopausal symptoms and improve venous circulation. Even the leaves of the Cassis berry have medicinal properties and are used in herbal tea preparations.
Datamonitor notes the rise in new products containing the Cassis berry in recent years ever since the ban on its cultivation was lifted. This demand is linked to consumer hype for antioxidant-rich superfruits. Having been hidden from our eyes for 100 years though, Americans know very little about the Cassis berry. More public awareness campaigns and promotional literature detailing the rich health benefits of the Cassis berry could help in driving the Cassis berry to greater heights of glory.
The Cassis berry market has an extremely high potential for growth. It can be used as an individual supplement or combined with other ingredients. The end-product can be manufactured as capsules, tablets, powders or liquids. This leaves open opportunity for cassis berry manufacturers to cash in on yet another great superfruit!
is a full service vitamin supplement manufacturing service. We primarily manufacture nutritional tablets, capsules, powders, liquids and creams, but we also offer label and packaging design services and fulfillment services to our customers.
Effect of Maturity Stage on Protein Fractionation, In Vitro Protein Digestibility and Anti-nutrition Factors in Pineapple (Ananas comosis) Fruit Grown in Southern Sudan
Murwan K. SabahelKhier and Saifeldin A. Hussain
Department of Biochemistry, School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Al Neelain University, Sudan.
Abstract: This investigation showed that albumin, globulin and protein content increases with increasing the days of maturity stage while glotulin and non protein nitrogen content decreases with increasing the days of maturity stage. The prolamin remained constant during the days of maturity stage. In-vitro protein digestibility improved with decreased of tannin and phytic acid content due to increasing the days of maturity stage because tannin and phytic acid inhibit the activity of pepsin enzymes.
Keywords: Pineapple, Digestibility, Ant-nutritional, Maturity and Vitamins
1.0 Introduction
The importance of pineapple fruit lies in their nutritive value. Fruit of pineapple reached the maturity stage at 105 days after flowering (Guerra and Livera, 1999).
It is rich in protein, fat, fiber, vitamins, mineral salts and water (Atif and Hagag, 1995). The net protein utilization is referred to the percentage of ingestion and utilizing protein for growth and maintenance (Osborne, et al., 1978).It is considered as supplement to daily food (Pandey and Ajanta, 1993). The physical, chemical and sensorial characters of pineapple showed significant difference at the several of maturity stage (Guerra and Livera, 1999). Pineapple contained 25-50 mg/g ellagic acid (Amakura et al., 2000).The juice of pineapple fruit contained five proteolytic enzymes collectively known as bromelain (William, 2000). Bromelain is natural blood thinner because it prevents excessive blood platelet stickiness. It also endues the thickness of mucus, which may benefit the patient with asthma or chronic bronchitis. In addition, bromelain in combination with trypsin may enhance the effect of antibiotic in people with urinary tract infection (Manhart et al., 2002). Bromelain has some remarkable characters such as its ability to reduce inflammation pain and swelling, speed the heeling of injuries trauma, surgery, sinusitis or arthritis (Mackay and Miller, 2003). The pineapple fruit contained
tannin, phenolic acid and Flavonoids (William, 1991).
Objectives of this investigation are study effect of maturity stage (75, 90 and 105
days after flowering) on the protein fractionation, in vitro protein digestibility and antinutrition factors (Tannin, phytic acid)of pineapple fruit..
2.0 Material and methods
2.1 Collection and preparation of sample: The samples were collected from Southern Sudan (Yambio Research Station, Agriculture Research Organization, Ministry of Agriculture, Sudan) basis on maturity stage. The preparation of samples was carried according to the method described by AOAC (1984).
2.2 Protein fractionation
The sequential extraction of protein was carried out according to Mendel and Osborne method (1924). It is basis on solubility of protein in different solvents. Water soluble protein (Albumins), salt soluble protein (Globulins), alcohol soluble protein (Glotulin), alkali soluble protein (Prolamin) and residual proteins (None – protein nitrogen).The residues remaining after those successive extractions with four solvents were determined by semi micro-Kjeldhal method according to AOCA (1990).Percent protein extracted was calculated to total amount of protein in the samples extracted such as follows:
Soluble protein (total) % = T X N X TV X 14 X 6.25 X 100
1000 X A
Protein solubility % = Soluble protein X 100
Total protein
Where:
T = Titer reading (ml of HCl), N = Normality of the HCl (0.02N), TV =Total Volume of the aliquot extracted (100ml), A = Number of (ml) of sample extracted (2.0g), 14 = each ml of HCl is equivalent to 14 mg. Nitrogen, 1000 = Number of mg in one gram and 6.25 = conversion factor from nitrogen into protein %.
2.3 Anti-nutrition factors
2.3.1 Tannin content
Quantitative estimation of tannins for each sample was carried out by using modified vanillin- HCl methanol method as described by Price and Butler (1987).
There is no useful standards curve for tannin in food, but the tanninic acid was used for preparation the standard curve of tannic acid. The standard curve of tannic acid was prepared according to AOAC (1990) for measurement the concentration of tannin in our samples (plotting the concentration of tanninic acid (mg) against the corresponding reading of Spectrophotometer in Absorbance).
2.3.2 Phytic acid content
The phytic acid content was determined according to the method described by Wheeler and Ferrel (1971). Preparation of standard curve for phytic acid was done as follows: standard curve of different Fe (NO3) 3 concentrations was plotted against the corresponding of Spectrophotometer to calculated the ferric iron conc. The phytate phosphorus was calculated from the concentration of ferric iron assuming 4:6 irons: phosphorus molar ratio.
2.4In vitro protein digestibility: It was carried out according to Maliwal method (1981) in the manner described by Monjula and John (1991) with minor modification. A know weight of the sample containing 16 mg nitrogen was taken in the triplicates and digested with one mg pepsin in 15 ml of 0.1 M HCL at 37 oC for two hours. The reaction was stopped by the addition of 15 ml (10%) trichoroacetic acid. The mixture was filtrated quantatively through filter paper (Whatman No.1). Trichoroacetic acid soluble fraction was assayed for the nitrogen by semi-micro Kjeldhal method.
Protein digestibility % = N2 in supernat – N2 in pepsin X 100
N2 in sample
2.5Statistical analysis:
Three separate sub samples from each origin sample were taken and analyzed. Then mean values were averaged. Data were assessed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) as described by Gomez and Gomez (1984).
3.0 Results and Discussion
3.1 Protein fractionation
Table I indicated that albumin content of 105, 90 and 75 days maturity of pineapple is 4.4, 3.2 and 3.0 %, respectively. The results revealed that albumin content increases with increasing period of maturity. Globulin content of 105, 90 and 75 days maturity of pineapple is 1.2 and 0.6, 0.4 %, respectively. The finding indicated that globulin content of fruit increases with increasing the period of maturity. The Prolamin content of 105, 90 and 75 days maturity of pineapple is remained constant (0.7 %) during the period of maturity .Those results revealed that the Prolamin of pineapple not effected by period of maturity. The Glotulin content of 105, 90 and 75 days maturity of fruit is 0.9, 1.0 and 1.8%, respectively. The findings revealed that Glotulin content decreases with increased the period of maturity. Non Protein N2 of 105, 90 and 75 days maturity of fruit is 92.9, 94.6 and 94.2 %, respectively. All the above results are supported by the findings that reported by Amukura et al, (2000).
3.2 In vitro protein digestibility and Anti-nutrition factors
Table 2 illustrated that protein content of 105, 90 and 75 days maturity is 4.11, 3.75 and 3.70 %, respectively. The findings are high than those given by Ahmed (2001).
The protein digestibility of 105, 90 and 75 days maturity is 39.4, 36.2 and 32.2 %, respectively. Those results are lower than protein digestibility of sorghum (46 %), and rice (66%), maize (73 %) and wheat (81 %) that given by MacLean (1981). This finding indicated that protein digestibility of pineapple fruit is extremely poor compared with sorghum, rice, maize and wheat. Tannin content of 105, 90 and 75 days maturity is 4.5, 22.2 and 20.2 %, respectively. The results revealed that high tannin content reduced the digestibility of the protein because tannin acts as anti-enzymatic activity. In addition, tannin reacts with protein to form insoluble complex compound. The phytic acid of 105, 90 and 75 days maturity is 0.40, 0.20 and 0.15 mg/g, respectively. Phytic acid interacts with protein forming complex compound and reduce the bioavailability of protein and inhibits the action of pepsin, trypsin and ? – amylase. These results explain the poor of protein digestibility in the pineapple fruit.
References
AOAC (1984).Official Method of Analysis, 14th edition, Published by AOAC Inc.1111 North 19th street, Suite 210 Arlington, Virginia 22209.
AOAC (1990). Official Method of Analysis, 14th edition, Association of Official and Analytical Chemists. Washington, D.C
Ahmed E., (2001). The rare fruit 1st ed., Al Dar Arabia for publication and distribution.
Amukura Y., Okada M., Tsuji S., and Tonogai Y. (2000). Determination of ellagic acid of fresh and processed fruit of pineapple by HPLC. Journal of Food Hygiene Society of Japan 41(3):206 – 211.
Atif M.I.and Hagag N.M.(1995). Ever green fruit, plantation, protection and production 1st Ed. By Association of Almaarifa, Pp 195.
Gomez T.P. and Gomez A.A. (1984). Statistical Procedure for Agriculture Research John Willy and Sons Inc. New York, U.S.A.
Guerra N.B.and Livera A.V.S.(1999). Correlation between the sensorial profile, physical and chemical analysis of pineapple C.V.Perola Revista – Brassilera – fruticulture, abstract 21(1): 32 – 35.
MacLean W.C., Lopez G., de Romana Placko R.P. and Graham G.G. (1981). Protein quality and digestibility of sorghum pre- school Children: Balance studies and plasma free amino acids. J.Nutr. (1):1928 -1936.
Maliwal B.P. (1981). In vitro method to assess the nutritive value of leaf concentrate, J. Agric. Food Chem.31: 315 – 319.
Manjula S. and John E. (1991). Biochemical changes and in vitro protein digestibility of the endosperm of germinate Dolichos lablab. J.Sci. Food Agric., 55:529 – 539.
Manhart N., Akomeak R., Bergmeister H., Spittler A., Ploner M. and Roth E. (2002). Administration of proteolytic enzyme bromelain and trypsin diminish the number of CD4+ cell and the interferon – gamma response in Payer’s patches and spleen in endotoxemic balb/c. Cell immunol., 215 (2):113 -119.
MacKay D. and Miller A.I.(2003).Nutritional support for wound heeling .Altern Med Rev., 8(4):359 -377.
Mendel L.B. and Osborne T.B.(1924). Nutritional properties of protein of maize kernel. J.Biol.Chem.18:1 – 4.
Osborne O.P. and Pvogt G.A. (1987). The analysis of nutrients in food 1st ed. Academic Press, London, New York.
Pandey S.N. and Ajata. (1993). Plant Anatomy Economic, volume 3, Department of Botany DAV College. University of Kanpur, Vikas Publishing House P.V.T.Ltd.
Price M.I.and Butler L.G. (1987). A critical evaluation of the vanillin reactions as an assay for tannin in sorghum rain.J.Agric. Food Chem.26 (5): 1214 – 1218.
Wheeler E.I. and Ferrel R.E. (1971). A method for phytic acid determination in wheat fractions cereal Chem.48:312 -320.
William H. (1991). Evergreen orchards, California University, 2nd ed. Translated by Ghazi Ibrahim and Abdallaal Higazi, Al Dar Arabbia for publication and distribution Pp 483.
William C.F.(2000). Trease and even Pharmacognosy. Formerly Reader in phytochemistry, University of Nortingham, Nortingham UK 15th ed Saundes Edinburgh London – New York Oxford Philaddeiphia, St – Lous Sudneytoranto.
Table 1: Protein fractionation of 105, 90 and 75 days maturity of pineapple fruit, grown in Southern Sudan, 2007.
Sample
Albumin
Globulin
Prolamin
Glotulin
Non Protein N2
105 days Maturity
4.4b
(±0.03)
1.2a
(±0.6)
0.7a
(±0.13)
0.9a
(±0.03)
92.9b
(±0.01)
90 days Maturity
3.2a
(±0.09)
0.6a
(±0.05)
0.7a
(±0.13)
1.0a
(±0.12)
94.6a
(±0.01)
75 days Maturity
3.0a
(±0.09)
0.4a
(±0.05)
0.7a
(±0.13)
1.8a
(±0.12)
94.2a
(±0.01)
Mean values of same letters within the column are significantly difference at
(P? 0.05).
Table 2:In Vitro protein digestibility and Anti-nutrition factors of 105, 90 and 75 days maturity of pineapple fruit, grown in Southern Sudan, 2007.
Sample
Protein
(%)
Protein digestibility
(%)
Tannin (%)
Phytic acid mg/g
105 days Maturity
4.1a
(±0.01)
39.4a
(±1.1)
4.5b
(±0.07)
0.40b
(±0.02)
90 days Maturity
3.8a
(±0.05)
36.2a
(±1.2)
22.2a
(±0.13)
0.20a
(±0.01)
75 days Maturity
3.7a
(±0.05)
32.2a
(±1.2)
20.2a
(±0.13)
0.15a
(±0.01)
Mean values of same letters within the column are significantly difference at
(P? 0.05).
Murwan K. SabahelKhier and Saifeldin A. Hussain
Department of Biochemistry, School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Al Neelain University, Sudan.
E-mail: murwansabahelkhier@yahoo.com
Who else is curious to know more about acai berry? What is it? Where does it grow…and what does it really do? Is acai really as good for you as everyone claims….or is it all just hype, hysteria and marketing myth? Can you turn back the hands of time with acai? Does it cure cancer, force you to lose weight like magic…..or is it all just one big dubious disappointment? Curious to know more? Great! Continue reading as we take a quick and insightful look below!
Filed Under: The Acai Fruit as Fact
What is it? Good question! It’s a super small fruit (about the size of a grape) that’s found mostly in the Amazonian forest areas in Brazil….where it’s ONLY harvested several times a year, and treated like a delicacy AND a staple of a healthy diet. As a matter of fact, some studies of indigenous cultures around the Amazonian jungle’s indicate that the preponderance of their meals have at least some element of acai. In Northern Brazil, acai is also enjoyed, and incorporated into every facet of daily diet……everything from smoothies, to puree’s, to more conventional meals.
Many people credit acai with the high level of energy, happiness and overall health experienced in these regions…..and it’s uses range from treating sexual dysfunction all the way up to being considered a “happy meal” of the most healthy kind! (rather than the processed “happy meal’s” Western cultures find in fast food drive through lanes..;-)
Filed Under: Separating Fact From Fiction
The truth? There is so much hype about acai, it’s hard to tell what’s real…..versus what is simply fabricated. Here is what we know: Acai is a nutrient rich, anti-oxidant dense food, with ORAC values as the very TOP of all known fruits and vegetables. Some studies indicate that the anti-oxidant level (measured by a metric called ORAC) is up to 30 times HIGHER than other well known super fruits like blueberries and broccoli.
Acai also have a very unique nutritional profile….not ONLY being high in anthocyanins and phyto-nutrients, but also being rich in healthy fatty AND amino acids, both crucial for heart and muscle health…along with unmatched beauty benefits for skin, hair and other vanity related obsessions. (which is why you’ll find many leading skin care products advertise the acai concentration on the box)
Other potential (and BIG) benefits include helping to regulate cardiovascular health, possibly prevent some major diseases and age related issues.
This is where the fact and fiction line gets fuzzy….as while there APPEAR to be some really good evidence that acai can help (or even prevent) some diseases, it’s simply not known yet for sure.
There HAS been good work though….and the university of Florida actually did a well received study on the anti-oxidants found in acai helping to curtail the growth of some cancer cells in a test tube….and of course, anti-oxidants, and anythocyanins are well known for their heart healthy, and “fountain of youth” benefits to boot!
Bonus Tip: Beware of the Acai Berry Scams! Unfortunately, many of the Acai products on the market are scams, being sold by unscrupulous companies with one hand in your pocket, rather than out to help you heal.
My best advice? If you really want to experience the amazing benefits of acai, make sure you ONLY extract.
(This is the online in our opinion, and the one that we use, and recommend to our family, friends and readers alike.)
Calcium has been suggested and widely accepted as a necessary mineral for bone and skeletal health and varied body functions-regulating heartbeat, conducting nerve impulses, stimulating hormonal secretions and clotting the blood. Now, some conflicting and potentially misleading research is threatening to negate the efficacy of this vital mineral.
One issue that the study, published by the Women’s Health Initiative, got right was that the govt.’s counseled daily dosage is critical to receive the advantages related to calcium consumption and supplementation. Yet additional than half of the study participants didn’t adhere to the counseled calcium supplementation, making enhancements in bone density a virtually not possible result. Meanwhile, people who did comply experienced a whopping twenty nine p.c lower risk of hip fractures.
Americans, each young and recent, are failing to fulfill calcium intake necessities and the incidence of osteoporosis is climbing. Throughout adolescent and teenage years, when forty five p.c of bone mass is created, meeting calcium needs is essential. In keeping with the Journal of Pediatrics, however, solely ten percent of teenage ladies and thirty percent of teenage boys are meeting adequate calcium intake, which places them at serious risk for stunted growth, bone disease and, eventually, osteoporosis.
Calcium is offered through dairy products and green, leafy vegetables-yet incorporating adequate amounts into a fashionable, hectic lifestyle, no matter age, is usually unrealistic. Calcium-fortified foods and supplements, however, can fill the gap.
“It’s very vital that individuals do take a supplement if they are not getting enough calcium in their diet,” says Nicholina Galinsky, R.N. “Unfortunately, most of us are not aware that we have osteoporosis until we have a tendency to break a bone.”
Adora is a replacement , is made with milk and dark chocolate. Every chocolate disk contains five hundred mg of elemental calcium, together with 100 international units of vitamin D and forty micrograms of vitamin K, that aids absorption. Additionally, the supplements taste like connoisseur chocolate, which is sensible since the manufacturer, Thompson Brands, is a candy maker, not a pharmaceutical company.
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The Acai berry has become one of the best dieting aids on the market; it is also amongst the most nutritional, and it can also help make your body stronger and fight off disease. Some diet trends are a flash trend, the Acai berry appears to be something that will be around for years, it was labelled a Super-fruit because of it’s nutritional values. The Acai berry is known for its anti-aging and weightloss properties and this is why everywhere you turn; you can hear another Acai success story.
The Acai berry diet will not go away because it is the worlds most nutritional and healthy fruit and people are buying the extract supplements online like never before. The berry contains fibre, vitamins, antioxidants, minerals and much more stuff. With many other OTC weightloss supplements, you are almost guaranteed to be taking some kind of borderlined banned substance, we see it happening every day. In some cases some of these weightloss products are known to cause death and other severe illness, this is another reason why the All Natural Acai berry supplements are really taking off. And to top it off the Acai berry weightloss really works!
So the Acai berry diet is set to explode as it makes its way into homes across North America, it is truly great that the super-fruit is helping people lose weight in times where the average american is overweight.
We believe that the Acai berry will not become a diet trend, but maintain its title as the super-fruit diet. The acai berry has so much nutritional value that it not only helps with weightloss, it helps with almost every health problem, it is known to boost overall health. And Acai berry can not be a trend when it contains no drugs or illegal ingredients, Acai berry is derived from an extract into the supplements, so you are getting it in its purest form.
The Acai berry is full of things that will help maintain better health, lose weight and even look up to ten years younger. It is a very powerful fruit that should be taken into consideration if you are looking to start living a healthier and longer life. These Acai berry supplements can be found online or even in your local natural health food stores, we suggest you them in supplement form as they use concentrated extracts from the berry. Acai berry is not going anywhere and you will be constantly seeing it in the media for years to come, so give Acai berry a shot and see what it does for your health!
Like many of you who are reading this, I was overweight and was not happy with my life. I did try lots of weight loss programs and diets with no success. My life changed when I saw Dr. Oz saying good things about this berry supplement and thought I would give it a try. I actually got a free trial of Acai Berry supplements and colon cleanse supplements. It changed my life fast. Read more about my story from fat to flat at and try the Free Acai Berry and Free Colon Cleanse diet!
As the Super fruit of the year is becoming more of a household name, the Acai berry can be found in about 1 out of 5 homes across North America, this rich antioxidizing super fruit is not going away anytime soon.
The Acai berry is found in rain forests like Brazil, they come off of trees similar to palm trees and yield a very dark purple look. The Acai berry is well known for powerful antioxidant properties which bring great weightloss and anti aging benefits. The berry was the prime topic for many primetime talk shows througout 2009 which has made it more visible and more of an upcoming trend to watch for in 2010. The Acai berry is definetely changing alot of peoples lives and deserves the super fruit title for most healthy fruit.
The Acai berry is described as being very tasty fruit that has a sweet sour effect, the natives would typically eat the berry fresh, nowadays it is even more powerful as they concentrate it in capsules. As modern science evolved, people all around the world are now enjoying the powers of acai berry in supplement from which are available all over the internet.
The Acai berry is very rich in antioxidants, fibers and essential proteins that your body thrives on to ensure good health. It was given the title “Super Fruit” in 2009 for a reason, the combination of nutrients within the berry is proven to endorse quick weightloss, reverse aging and skin anti aging. Acai berry has the power to suppress your appetite, give you crazy levels of power and is just a good thing to implement into your diet for all around great health. People who have had trouble losing weight or maintaining weightloss have turned to Acai berry supplements in to stay on their diet wagon. Acai has known to create weightloss without any exercise but it also gives you a ton of power that makes exercise easy.
One thing people are saying about Acai berry is that it may have a huge role in helping your body burn fat quicker. The Acai berry is well known for helping people lose weight more easily then a person who is not using the Acai berry, this is likely contributed to the nutrional/energy properties that the berry has. Some specialists have proven that the Acai berry burns fat naturally and would be beneficial for everyone to take to stay slim.
It is well proven, that the Acai berry contains properties that should be further looked at for different medical conditions, it seems like it is one powerful fruit. So if you are looking to lose some weight or look 10 years younger, you may want to consider going on some kind of Acai berry diet or detox. You will ultimately look and feel like a whole new person.
Like many of you who are reading this, I was overweight and was not happy with my life. I did try lots of weight loss programs and diets with no success. My life changed when I saw Dr. Oz saying good things about this berry supplement and thought I would give it a try. I actually got a free trial of Acai Berry supplements and colon cleanse supplements. It changed my life fast. Read more about my story from fat to flat at and try the Free Acai Berry and Free Colon Cleanse diet!
By the time you finish reading this, you will have a clear understanding about how to choose a fish oil that is safe for you and your family. You’ll know how to find a supplement that will dramatically improve your health, not harm it. So let me give you the simple facts about fish oil purity.
What do we mean by fish oil purity?
Purity usually refers to whether the product contains traces of contaminants or impurities. It can also refer to the freshness of the product.
Let’s look at the impurities first.
The contaminants often found in oily fish are mercury, lead, PCBs and dioxins. PCBs are chemicals that can lead to behavioural and developmental problems in children, as well as cancers. Dioxins can cause cancer too, and heavy metals like lead and mercury can affect the central nervous system and the kidneys or liver.
Most of the oily fish we eat, and that are used to make fish oil supplements, are species such as salmon, mackerel and tuna. These are all excellent sources of the important omega 3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA.
Unfortunately, it’s difficult for manufacturers who use these species to guarantee fish oil purity. This is because these species are the fish most likely to contain contaminants.
This is for two reasons. Firstly, they are often caught in waters such as the North Sea, which can contain these contaminants. Secondly, they are high up the food chain, meaning the contaminants get concentrated in their bodies and oil because the creatures they eat are themselves contaminated.
So the type of fish used to make supplements can have serious implications for the purity and safety of the capsules.
Now let’s look at freshness as an indication of fish oil purity.
If the fish oil you take is not completely fresh, the oil will start to oxidise. When this happens, you increase your intake of free radicals, the molecules that damage cells and help to cause aging, disease and illness.
To test the oxidation level, a supplement should be tested in registered laboratories. What you are looking for is the COA (certificate of analysis), which should be freely available on the manufacturer’s website or promotional material. Two oxidation components should be listed: the anisidine value and the peroxide value. The scores should be as low as possible. A total oxidation score of less than 20 is desirable.
So how do you choose a supplement that can guarantee fish oil purity?
Look for a product made from fish caught in clean waters, such as the New Zealand fish hoki. This is caught in the Southern Ocean, which is largely free of contaminants.
The oil should also be molecularly distilled, not simply filtered. Molecular distillation is a complicated process which removes any tiny trace of contaminant that might find its way into the product.
Next, check out the freshness of the product by examining the manufacturer’s COA. If you can’t find a COA, don’t the product! Any good supplier should be prepared to publish the results of tests that prove the purity of their product.
So there’s some food for thought when you are shopping for fish oil supplements. If you would like more information about , please visit my website to see more of my research and to find out about the products I use daily myself.
My name is Therese Samson and I promote natural approaches to health and well-being for the whole family at , where you’ll find out about the many ways omega 3 fish oil can improve heart, brain, skin and immune system health.